大学英语四级考试临近，各位考生在最后的备考阶段，掌握翻译技巧，熟记一些翻译句型，会起到事半功倍的效果。


    并列句

　　第一步：四级精彩套句展示

　　I like traveling, and I will do my best to share the fun of traveling with others.

　　同学们总是习惯写简单句，把句子写成了：I like traveling. I will do my best to share the fun of traveling with others.而四级考试要求大家多写长句，and…结构就是一个简单好用的长句结构。只要把两个主语一样的句子间的句号改成逗号，再加上and就可以了。有时还可以把后一句的主语省略。例如：It appears mysteriously and spreads spontaneously in many different forms.

　　以and, or, but等连接的简单句，掌握熟练的话，会让我们的文章流畅自然。

　　第二步：语法精讲

　　1. 简介

　　并列句是英语中广泛存在的一种句型，其特点是用表示并列关系的连词将两个独立的句子联系起来。主要用or和and来连接。

　　2. 四级必备套句

　　（1）Work hard, and you will finally be able to reach your destination.努力工作，你就能实现你的最终目标。

　　【分析】“命令式+and”在表示条件时，表示“你要…才会…”的意思。在写作里面可以用来提出建议。“名词+and”句式有时也可以用来表示条件，如：One more effort, and you will be successful.

　　（2）Study hard, or you will fail to pass the exam.如果你不努力学习，你将无法通过考试。

　　【分析】“命令式+or”句式表示“你要…否则…”或“否则的话”等意思。

　　第三步：练习与进步

　　A. 翻译

　　1. 说话大声点，教室里的学生才能听到你讲的内容。

　　2. 你要早点出发，这样才能提前到达那里。

　　3. 要是你违反了法律，你将会被警察逮捕。

　　4. 轻点儿走，否则你会弄出声响儿吵醒婴儿。

　　5. 仔细点儿读这本书，否则你将无法理解其主题思想。

　　6. 如果再来一次这样的暴风雨，所有的庄稼都将被毁。

　　7. 说曹操，曹操就到。

　　8. 快点，否则你要迟到了。

　　9. 快点走，否则就赶不上早班车了。

　　10. 努力学习，你就能够通过这次考试。

　　注意：“命令式+and”表示条件时，表示“你要…才会…”的意思；“命令式+or”句式表示“你要…否则…”或“否则的话”等意思；同时，要注意“名词+and”句式有时也可以用来表示条件。这三种类型有一个共同特点就是and或or后面的从句要用一般将来时态。

　　【参考答案】

　　1. Speak louder, and every student in the classroom will able to hear you.

　　2. Start early, and you will arrive ahead of schedule.

　　3. Violate the law, and you will be arrested by the police.

　　4. Walk slightly, or you will make a noise and wake the baby.

　　5. Read the book more carefully, or you will not understand the main idea.

　　6. One more such storm and all the crops will be totally destroyed.

　　7. Talk of the devil, and he will appear.

　　8. Please, quickly, or you will be late.

　　9. Walk quickly, or you will not catch the early bus.

　　10. Study hard, and you will pass the examination.

　　B. 改错

　　1. Speak more loudly, and you won’t be heard by others.

　　2. Write quickly, and you won’t finish the composition in time.

　　3. Work hard, or you will pass the English examination.

　　4. Read one more, or you will catch the meaning.

　　5. Admitting your faults, or you will be punished.

　　6. Read philosophy books, and you will be benefit from them sooner or later.

　　7. Think it over, or you will find the solution to the problem.

　　8. Do the morning exercise, and you will benefit in it.

　　9. Work hard, and you will successful one day.

　　10. Write neatly and clearly, or you will give your teacher a good impression.

　　【参考答案】

　　1. and—or 2. and—or 3. or—and 4. or—and 5. Admitting—Admit

　　6. be去掉 7. or—and 8. in—from 9. will—will be 10. or—and

　　第四步：伟人伟招

　　1. 向前看，向右看式

　　Life can only be understood backwards, but it must be lived forwards. (Kierkegaard )

　　只有向后看才能理解生活；但要生活好，则必须向前看。（克尔凯郭尔）

　　【点评】写四级文章时，这句话用来在原因段和解决问题段之间承上启下，确是个完美的选择。

　　2. 匹夫有责式

　　No man is useless in this world who lightens the burden of someone else.

　　(C. Dickens )

　　在这个世界上能为别人减轻负担的人都是有用的。（狄更斯）

　　【点评】该句用来论述个人应该为社会减负的问题时，可谓是恰到好处。

　　第五步：实践与进步

　　将下面的句子补完整

　　1. Whyare…? For one thing, … For another, …

　　2. Another reason why I dispute the above statement is that…

　　3. Itgives rise toa host ofproblems .

　　4. There are numerous reasons why…, and I shall explore here only a few of the most important ones.

　　5. It willexert profoundinfluence on…

　　6. A multitude of factors couldaccount for thechangein…

　　7. In 1999, itincreased from 5 to 10 percent of the total.

　　8. By comparison with 1998, itdecreased from 10 to 5 percent .

　　9. … account(s) for 15 percent of the total.

　　10. There were 100 traffic accidents in April, and an increase of 5 percent in a five-month period.

　　By 1999,only three quarters of college-agedwere against…,

　　(as compared with)last year, the same population preferred to (liked)…