大学英语四级考试临近，各位考生在最后的备考阶段，掌握翻译技巧，熟记一些翻译句型，会起到事半功倍的效果。


　　第一步：经典句型展示

　　1. He is the wisest infant that ever lived. 他是个前所未见的聪明的小婴孩。

　　【分析】“the wisest man that ever live”是从最高级+that ever的结果强化出来的，表示“之前所活的最聪明的人”，即“前所未见的聪明人”的意思。

　　2. There were two persons coming toward me: the former was my uncle, the latter was my father. 有两个人朝我走过来，前面的是我叔叔，后面的是我父亲。

　　【分析】①“the former…the latter …”是表示“前者…后者…”的意思。②“the one…the other…”可以表示“相近”的意思。③“this…that…”同样表示“相近”的意思，即“前者…后者…”，但这时候this…that…的顺序是相反，请特别留意。

　　3. She is the last person to leave her parents. 她是个绝不离开她父母的人。

　　【分析】“the last man+动词不定式”，表示“绝不…的人”的意思。动词不定式有时可以用that引导的从句来代替。

　　4. The moment you understand this, you will only have further difficulties. 只要你一了解这规则，就不会有困难。

　　【分析】① the moment=as soon as，表示“一…就…”的意思，它起到一个连接词的作用，引导条件状语从句。the instant也具有相同的用法。② immediately、directly等副词，也同样是一个用来表示“…就…”的连接词。

　　5. The nearer the dawn, the darker the night. 越接近黎明，夜就越黑。

　　【分析】the more…the more…，是一个“the +比较级…the +比较级…”的句型，表示“愈…就愈…”的意思，注意：这时的the不是定冠词，而是一种副词。

　　第二步：练习与进步

　　A. 翻译

　　1. 他是个我所见过的最固执己见的人。

　　2. 乘火车旅行比乘飞机旅行更便宜且更有趣，因此大多数人喜欢选择前者更胜于后者。

　　3. 娱乐与工作对我们的健康都很必要，前者让我们得以放松，后者则给我们的活力。

　　4. 对于这件事，我的父亲是绝对不会考虑的。

　　5. 只要你一踏进“事实”的世界，你就踏进了“限度”的世界。

　　6. 知道并不表示智慧，许多人知道不少事情，结果却反而更笨。

　　7. 一个人如果没有足够的见识，知道得越多，对他反而越坏。

　　8. 新闻记者是个绝对不会说广告无效的人。

　　9. 人们对自己的世界所知愈少，就对自己周围的事愈无法控制与了解。

　　【参考答案】

　　1. He is the most persistent man I have ever seen.

　　2. Traveling by train is cheaper and more interesting than traveling by air, therefore most people prefer the former over the latter.

　　3. Amusement and work are both necessary to our health; the former can give us relaxation and the latter can give us energy.

　　4. My father was the last man to take into consideration issues concerning this matter.

　　5. The moment you step into the world of facts, you step into the world of limits.

　　6. To know is not to be wise. Many men know a great deal, and are all the greater fools for it.

　　7. If one hasn’t got plenty of common sense, the more science he has, the worse for him.

　　8. A journalist would be the last person to say that there is not any virtue in advertisement.

　　9. The less man knew about his world, the less subject to his control or understanding were the events which surrounded him.

　　B. 改错

　　1. This is the larger elephant that I have ever seen.

　　2. He is bravest person that I have ever encountered.

　　3. Tom and Betty went to school. One arrived at seven o’clock

　　and another arrived at half past seven.

　　4. Health is above wealth, for it can give as much happiness.

　　5. We were last people to approve the opinion.

　　6. He is the last person that I expected to see.

　　7. As soon it turns red, it will become edible.

　　8. That moment you get in, nothing can hit you.

　　9. The hard the conflict, the more glorious the triumph.

　　10. The more we study, the many we discover our ignoramus.

　　【参考答案】

　　1. larger―largest 2. is―is the 3. another―the other 4. for it―for nothing.

　　5. last―the last 6. is―was 7. As soon―As soon as

　　8. That moment―The moment 9. hard―harder 10. the many―the more

　　第三步：伟人伟招

　　1. 力劈华山式

　　I’ve never any pity for conceited people, because I think they carry their comfort about with them. (George Eliot )

　　我从不怜惜自负的人们，因为我觉得他们无处不能自我安慰。（艾略特）

　　【点评】该句型用来直接表达自己的观点再好不过。

　　2. 最好最坏式

　　The worst tragedy for a poet is to be admired through being misunderstood. (J. Cocteau)

　　对于诗人来说，最大的悲剧莫过于由于误解而受到钦佩。（科克托）

　　【点评】“the + bestworstmost effective waymeasure is to…”结构结合该句学习。

　　3. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲式

　　If you do not learn to think when you are young, you may never learn. (Edison)

　　如果你年轻时不学会思考，那就永远不会。（爱迪生）

　　【点评】这是个很好的警告别人、指出危害的句型。

　　看到各位大师的作品后，长江后浪推前浪，我们再加强学习9个简单实用的句型。

　　① Get into the habit of + Ving = make it a rule to + V.（养成…的习惯）

　　We should get into the habit of keeping good hours. 我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。

　　② Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + n./Ving, …（因为…）

　　Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.

　　因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。

　　③ For the past + 时间，S. + 现在完成式…（过去…年来，…一直…）

　　For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.

　　过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。

　　④ be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V.（不得不…）

　　Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports. 既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。

　　⑤ It is time + S. + 过去式（该是…的时候了）

　　It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.

　　该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。

　　⑥ By +Ving, …can…（借着…，…能够…）

　　By exercising, we can always stay healthy.

　　借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。

　　⑦ …enable + Object（受词）+ to + V.（…使…能够…）

　　Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed. 听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。

　　⑧ There is no doubt that + 句子…（毫无疑问地…）

　　There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.

　　毫无疑问地，我们的教育制度令人不满意。

　　或者：There is no denying that + S. + V.…（不可否认地…）

　　There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.

　　不可否认地，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。

　　⑨ …cannot emphasize the importance of…too much. （再怎么强调…的重要性也不为过。）

　　We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

　　我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

　　第四步：实践与提高

　　补充练习：将下列句子翻成汉语，注意总结句子结构。

　　1. In a society that changes as fast as ours, experience simply does not have the value that it does in more stagnant societies.

　　2. It has taken a long time to convince the public that free enterprise does not mean that a company should be free to pollute the air, foul the rivers, and destroy the forests. 　　　　3. Equipped with the money, one can acquire the taste, style, and ideas that mark each class and launch a quick ascent of the social ladder.

　　4. No one could seriously think that anyone who grows up poor, lives in a bad neighborhood, and attends an inferior school has an opportunity equal to that of someone more favored.

　　5. As the case illustrates, competition takes four general forms: …